Koumiss: ingredients, benefits for women and men

Koumiss is a refreshing and invigorating drink that supplies the body with many vitally important elements for a healthy existence. This oriental lactic acid product is often called the "drink of longevity". Produced from mare's milk, endowed by nature with unique beneficial qualities, koumiss retains all these properties and is considered by the eastern inhabitants as a source of health. The drink is used in cosmetology and medicine. An entire therapeutic system, koumissotherapy, has been developed on the basis of this product. Useful properties of the drink combined with a unique taste made it popular not only in the homeland, but also in other countries of the world.

What is Koumiss

One of the most revered and valued dairy drinks among the people of Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Kazakhstan, and those of Mongolian and Turkic ancestry on the planet is kymyz. Translated into Russian, the name sounds like koumiss. It is a dairy product obtained through the alcoholic and lactic fermentation of mare's milk. The fermentation stage is carried out by lactic acid bacteria with the addition of yeast.

Koumiss is quite a pleasant refreshing drink, which has a slightly sour taste. It should be consumed only during the fermentation stages. Only during this period, it does not lose its unique flavor, value and useful properties.

The history of the origin of this sour milk drink dates back to the distant past. Archaeological excavations at the site of ancient Mongolian settlements in the Susamyr valley (Eneolithic period) have revealed not only evidence of domestication and domestication of horses, but also bags made of animal skin. Scientists managed to find traces of fermented mare's milk inside them.

Koumiss was also mentioned by the ancient Greek scholar Herodotus. Describing the everyday life and traditions of the Scythians, the philosopher mentioned the miraculous drink. The locals made it by distilling mare's milk in special wooden containers. Only a select few people knew the recipe of this healing and very tasty drink. All the ingredients and the basis of the method of preparation were kept in strict secrecy. Slaves witnessing the process of making koumiss were momentarily blinded.

The Ipatiev chronicles (XIII century) contain more recent information about koumiss. In his notes on his journey to Tatarstan, Guillaume de Rubrouck describes the drink's taste and healing properties.

The ancient recipe for making koumiss is still handed down from generation to generation in Bashkir families. This nation adheres to ancient traditions and makes koumiss only from mare's milk. Unlike the people of Bashkortostan, Turkmens and Kirghiz use camel's milk as a base.

The technological process of making koumiss makes it possible to prepare the drink with different alcohol content.

Types of

In Kazakhstan, koumiss is divided into several types, depending on the fermentation period:

1. Zhaskymyz - young, fermented for just one day.
2. Kunan kymyz is a slightly intoxicating drink that has fermented for two days.
3. Koumiss donen - sour, already containing a lot of alcohol. Ready for consumption after 3 days of fermentation.
4. Saumal - koumiss that has fermented for 10 hours.
5. Kymyzuyz - prepared from the colostrum of a mare.
6. Bal kymyz is a sour milk drink with honey or other sweet additives.

All of these types differ in their alcohol content. Young koumiss is a drink that is ready to drink after 5-6 hours. It contains the smallest percentage of alcohol, up to 1%. It has a sweetish taste and contains almost no gases. The product which has been prepared for 24 to 48 hours is richer in alcohol. It contains 1.7-2% alcohol. It acquires a sourish aftertaste. After drinking a small amount of koumiss you feel a slight intoxication. The 'strongest' koumiss ferments for up to four days. Its alcohol content is at a maximum of 3-4%. This yoghurt is very frothy and has a very tart taste.

Composition and calories

Koumiss is a sour milk drink, characterized by high lactose and glucose content. This characteristic is given to the product by the main ingredient. The level of these indicators in mare's milk is the highest. For example, the lactose content of cow's milk is 38% lower.

In a special fermentation process, using not only lactic bacteria but also yeast, lactose is converted into lactic acid, carbon dioxide, ethyl alcohol and is broken down into a number of other aromatic substances. This gives the product a unique flavour and aroma.

The chemical composition of koumiss is represented by a number of vitamins and useful elements:

1. Quite a large amount of vitamin A, C, PP.
2. Group of B vitamins - lactoflavin (B2), thiamin (B1), cyanocobalamin (B12).
3. Biotin, involved in the synthesis of carbohydrate and fat fermentation in the body.
4. Folic acid, essential for normal functioning of the immune and circulatory systems.
5. Trace elements Ca, K, P, Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn.
6. Providing normal metabolism pantothenic acid.

Koumiss contains ethyl alcohol. Its level varies from 0.4 to 4.5%.

The energy value of the product ranges from 40 to 150 kcal. In 100 ml of sour-milk drink (of medium fat content) there are 5 g of carbohydrates, 2.1 g of protein and 1.9 g of fat. As a result of fermentation proteins become easily digestible and quickly absorbed by the body, so although koumiss is highly nutritious, it is recommended to take it during diets.

Koumiss Benefits

General benefits

The fermented milk drink of longevity is saturated with a large number of beneficial components that have a beneficial effect on the body.

Nomads used koumiss for the prevention and treatment of many diseases. Ancient healer Avicenna recommended using this drink to restore the body after severe illness, for physical exhaustion, nervous disorders and as a general tonic.

Over time, scientists have discovered other useful properties of koumiss. This product normalizes the intestinal microflora, accelerates cell regeneration, has a positive effect on the stomach and helps to eliminate toxins. Koumiss improves the immune system, replenishes the lack of energy, giving vivacity, stimulates most of the biological processes.

For women

Rich in calcium and vitamins, koumiss improves skin, nails and hair.

The lactic acids produced during fermentation normalize the microflora in the vagina, eliminating unpleasant feelings. Restoring the natural balance, they ensure the health of female reproductive organs and urinary system.

The relaxing effect of the drink provides a small amount of alcohol and vitamins A and B. This helps with thyroid disorders, accompanied by increased irritability, tearfulness, and improves sleep.

For men

Koumiss is an excellent natural remedy to cleanse the liver after drinking alcohol. Although it contains a small percentage of alcohol, this does not prevent the drink from cleansing the body of toxins.

After strong physical exertion or workouts at the gym, a large amount of useful salts is excreted together with the sweat from the male body. A small amount of koumiss will help to restore the imbalance.

This fermented milk product also has a positive effect on the male reproductive system. The presence of testosterone in the composition improves libido, increases erections and reduces the risk of prostatitis.

When pregnant

Mare's milk is rich in iron. In the process of fermentation, this element does not disappear, so koumiss helps to increase hemoglobin in the blood of a pregnant woman, and also reduces the risk of anemia. The fermented milk is rich in calcium, which is necessary for the normal formation of the baby's bone system.

Despite all its health benefits, koumiss contains alcohol. Future mothers should consult their doctor before introducing such a product into their diet.

When breastfeeding

The fermented milk product made on the basis of mare's milk helps to improve the work of female mammary glands, contributing to lactation. The restorative properties of koumiss help you recover faster after childbirth. Breastfeeding mothers are recommended to consume young koumiss, which contains a minimum amount of alcohol.

For kids

Koumiss has a beneficial effect on the growing body. A large amount of calcium makes up for the lack of this vitamin, and the phosphorus contained in the drink increases its absorption. In addition, this drink is very useful for children with dysbacteriosis, because it restores the imbalance of intestinal microflora.

The rather peculiar taste of the sour-milk drink based on mare's milk is not very appealing to children, so before drinking it, it is better to add honey and vanilla.

The low alcohol content of young koumiss cannot harm a child's body, but it is still not worth overdoing it. Koumiss should be given with caution to children who are prone to allergic reactions.

Slimming down

Quite often doctors include koumiss in the composition of diets. This is due to the drink's ability to improve digestion, stabilizing the daily stool and getting rid of colic and flatulence. The high protein content gives koumiss its nutritional value, helping to quickly satisfy hunger and maintain muscle mass. Thanks to its animal origin, this element is quickly absorbed by the body.

Drinking 100 ml of koumiss before a meal, a person on a diet replenishes the daily norm of vitamins, microelements and acids in the body. You should not exceed the permissible norms of drinking this drink because it contains alcohol.

Koumiss in medicine

The antibacterial, restorative and reinforcing properties of this cultured milk product have found wide application not only in folk medicine. Numerous studies have confirmed the effectiveness of using koumiss in the treatment of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, intestines, respiratory system and cardiovascular dystonia. Courses of koumissotherapy are prescribed for people with a weakened immune system and impaired metabolism. It is a part of complex therapy to fight infectious diseases and treat anemia.

Due to the unique qualities of koumiss is considered an indispensable component in many folk remedies for the treatment and prevention of a number of diseases.

For diabetes

Consumption of quality koumiss, which contains a minimum amount of alcohol, helps normalize blood sugar levels. It replenishes the necessary amount of beta-carotene and the entire vitamin complex. Diabetics find this product particularly useful, as the disease is accompanied by a rejection of many vitamin-containing products.

Koumiss normalizes metabolism and cleans blood vessels from cholesterol plaques, which is also important in diabetes. When consuming this fermented milk product, the risk of nervous diseases and mental disorders inherent in diabetics is reduced.

Important: The glycemic index of koumiss is 25 units.

For pancreatitis

Dairy products are a must in the diet for pancreatic disease. Koumiss normalizes the secretory function of this organ, and also eliminates inflammation. Its high nutritional value contributes to the rapid saturation of the human body during the diet. Its ability to improve metabolism prevents intestinal problems.

It is not recommended to drink koumiss containing a lot of alcohol. Refrain from drinking any type of this drink should be during the period of exacerbation of the disease.

With gastritis

Containing many microelements and amino acids, koumiss is recommended to take in case of gastritis, if the disease is accompanied by low acidity levels. Useful milk bacteria help to restore microflora and reduce the degree of inflammation of the mucosa. When you drink 100 ml of this drink with a meal, food is absorbed by the body more easily and quickly.

During an exacerbation of the disease and people with hyperacidity koumiss is strictly contraindicated.

With gout

The occurrence of this disease contributes to a violation of the metabolism of nucleic acids. The level of uric acid increases so much that it is deposited in the joints. This process causes pain and leads to physical changes in the appearance of the limbs. Koumiss contains sufficient calcium levels to promote bone strength and health, so it is often prescribed for preventive purposes and the initial stages of gout.

For the liver

With its cleansing properties, koumiss helps the liver to function better. The fatty acids and antioxidants help renew cells and protect them from destruction. When including koumiss in your daily diet, you should pay attention to the amount of alcohol it contains. For the prevention and treatment of hepatitis and cirrhosis, only young fermented milk drink should be used. The recommended dose is 250-300 ml with meals.

In psoriasis.

In the daily diet of people suffering from skin diseases, be sure to include products that contain large amounts of vitamins B, A, PP. Patients with psoriasis or eczema are usually deficient in these elements. Just koumiss contains a full range of vitamins. They are combined with lipoic acid promotes the removal of harmful substances from the body, improving the metabolic process and regeneration of the skin. Antibacterial properties reduce inflammation of the skin, reducing redness and unpleasant itching.

In pneumonia

Kumysotherapy is widely used for diseases of the respiratory system. This fermented milk product is able to reduce irritation of the throat when coughing heavily and helps expectorate sputum. The antibacterial properties reduce inflammation in the lymph nodes, preventing the appearance of pustules. Pneumonia patients lose their appetite, their weight drops dramatically, and the body becomes severely weakened. Koumiss, thanks to its unique composition, improves the immune and digestive systems, thus helping a person to regain strength.

When you have a hangover

Among all kinds of dairy products koumiss is the best cure for a hangover. Lactic acid combined with B vitamins activates the processing and excretion of toxins. Under the influence of carbon dioxide the process of oxidation and breakdown of alcohol residues is even faster. The restorative properties of koumiss alleviate the withdrawal symptoms and quench any excessive thirst.

Cosmetic applications

Useful properties of sour milk product based on mare's milk are used not only for treatment and prevention of a number of diseases, but also in cosmetology. Koumiss can be found in skin and hair care products.

For hair

Koumiss nourishes hair follicles, providing curls with beauty and strength. The antibacterial and moisturizing effect helps to eliminate dry scalp and dandruff.

Strengthening product
Ingredients:

• Koumiss - 1 tbsp.
• Honey - 20 gr.
• Egg yolk - 1 piece.

Mix all ingredients and apply evenly to the hair, not forgetting to rub the mask into the scalp with massaging movements. Leave the product on your hair for at least half an hour. For a greater effect cover your head with a towel.

Thanks to this mask the hair gets a healthy look. After 5-6 applications of dandruff leaves no trace, the scalp will be less dry.

Nourishing mask
Ingredients:

• 1/2 loaf of rye flour bread.
• 2 tbsp. koumiss.

Crush the bread and soak it in slightly heated koumiss. After 5-10 minutes stir it, turning the mixture into a homogeneous mass. Rub into the scalp. Put on a shower cap and wrap your head with a woolen scarf. After 20 minutes rinse thoroughly first with warm water and then with shampoo.

For the face

Sour milk drink is used as a moisturizing, whitening and toning agent for the skin of the face.

Carrot mask with koumiss
Need:

• 50 g of homemade cottage cheese.
• 17 ml of carrot juice.
• 1.5 tbsp. koumiss.

Strain the cottage cheese through gauze. Thoroughly mix with carrot juice. Add koumiss. Apply it on your face, avoiding eye contact, and leave it for 30 minutes. After the time has passed, rinse off with lukewarm water. Do not use more than once in three days.

Whitening Mask
Needed:

• 70 g honey.
• 3 ml of koumiss.
• 30 ml of lemon juice.

Koumiss mix with honey. Squeeze the necessary amount of lemon juice into this mixture. Mix all the ingredients together thoroughly. Apply the mixture to the face and leave for 15 minutes.

The use of such a mask 1-2 times a week for two months contributes to the disappearance of age spots, freckles and lightening of the skin.

Harm and contraindications

Koumiss, which has an incredible number of beneficial properties, can also have detrimental effects on the body.

1. It is not suitable for people who are lactose intolerant and should not be consumed with koumiss.
2. Alcohol in koumiss can have a detrimental effect on health during exacerbation of chronic diseases of internal organs.
3. You should not drink koumiss if you have gastritis or stomach ulcers accompanied by increased acidity. It increases the secretion, and the acidity further increases.
4. Because of its alcohol content, it is not recommended for pregnant women to consume koumiss frequently, or for children to take it as part of their diet. For the same reason, people with alcohol dependence should not drink koumiss.

Despite the fact that koumiss is introduced in the complex treatment of tuberculosis, in cases of an open form of this disease the drink is strictly prohibited. For other categories, drinking koumiss is associated only with positive properties. The main thing is to adhere to the norms and not to abuse it.

How to store it correctly

Asian sour-milk drink from mare or camel milk belongs to the category of "live" products. Therefore, it is perishable and not suitable for long storage.

Real koumiss should be used not later than 2-3 days from the end of fermentation. It is poured into a glass container and stored in a cold place: a cellar or a basement (temperature no higher than 6°C) or a refrigerator.

Koumiss produced at dairies and sold in stores bears little resemblance to the real Asian product. As close as possible to the composition and rules of manufacture drink should have a shelf life of not more than 3 days. This product is stored in the refrigerator.

How to drink koumiss correctly

Asians, who have grown accustomed to the fermented drink from mare's milk since childhood, do not need to limit themselves in drinking koumiss. During hot summer period Kyrgyz and Bashkirs can drink up to 7-10 litres of koumiss a day, and benefit from it.

People with unprepared body this alcohol-containing drink with high fat content should be introduced into the diet, starting with small doses to get used to it.

How much can be drunk per day

Following the recommendations of doctors, koumiss begins to drink in small amounts. The initial daily norm should not exceed 100 ml. If the body within 3-4 days ok with drink, the dosage is gradually increased to 200-400 ml. Subsequently it is allowed to take a larger amount of 1-1.5 liters.

Can I drink at night

For therapeutic purposes, koumiss is consumed in the morning hours, before breakfast. But because of its calming and relaxing effect on the body (thanks to the alcohol) this drink can be taken in the evening to improve sleep. Half a glass of koumiss at night helps to normalize the stool. But it is better to drink koumiss, which contains a small percentage of alcohol, before going to bed.

Can I Drink Muslims

Koumiss which has been fermented for a day contains practically no alcohol. Such a drink, like other sour milk drinks, is allowed to drink for Muslims. After a longer fermentation period, koumiss is much stronger than young koumiss. It no longer belongs to the halal products.

Is it possible to get drunk on koumiss

The fermented fermented milk drink made on the basis of mare's milk does not belong to the alcoholic products. But when fermented for a few days, it acquires a strength of up to 4-6 turns. Therefore, the drink, drunk in large quantities, can cause a slight alcoholic intoxication. Kazakhs make koumiss containing up to 25-30% alcohol. Several sips of this fermented milk drink are equivalent to 50 grams of vodka or cognac.

How to make koumiss at home

To make a real Asian sour-milk drink is quite difficult. It is impossible to find mare's milk on the store shelves, so it is better to replace it with goat's milk at home. Such koumiss has almost the same useful properties, but differs in taste.

To prepare it, you will need:

• 1 liter of goat milk.
• 50 grams of sugar.
• 50 ml of plain yogurt (kefir).
• 30 grams of honey.
• 200 ml of purified water.
• 5g of dry yeast.

Step by step instructions:

1. Pour the milk into a saucepan and put it on a low heat. Bring it to a boil. Gradually pour in the water and add honey. Boil for another 6-8 minutes.
2. Let the milk mixture cool until completely cooled. Add yogurt (kefir). Cover the pot with a lid and wrap with a woolen blanket (for the fastest warming). Leave in a warm place for 5-9 hours.
3. After the milk has boiled, whip it with a mixer. Strain the resulting mixture through a thick layer of gauze.
4. Pour the yeast with warm water, add sugar and allow to rise. Combine it with milk.
5. In pre-washed and sterilized jars pour milk. Fill jars 2/3 full with liquid. Leave koumiss in warm place for 3-4 hours without covering with lids.
6. When the necessary time jars cover and put in the fridge so koumiss can not ferment.

Store koumiss in the refrigerator for no more than two days.

Interesting facts about koumiss

1. A. V. Postnikov was the first to open a koumiss clinic in Russia. This event took place in 1858 in Samara province. After 100 years more than 65 such establishments had already been opened.
2. The Kazakhs still adhere to the ancient technology of making koumiss. For the fermentation process, they use a bard made from the hide of a sheep or a horse. Mare's milk has to be whipped at least 1000 times. After that, black grains appear on the surface - mare fat.
3. There is a holiday in Mongolia, the Day of the First Koumiss. After the first milking of the horses and the preparation of young koumiss, Mongolian families gather at table to taste it.
4. In Bashkortostan and Kyrgyzstan it is customary to drink koumiss from drinking bowls, and the Yakuts carve special vessels from wood, decorating them with skilful carvings, and less often with precious stones.

Picture of koumiss